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氟是电负性最大的元素，其范德华半径与氢、氧原子相近，且C-F键的键能大于C-H键键能，所以含氟有机化合物能轻松地代替非氟母体进入生物体参与代谢过程，同时又阻碍正常的代谢循环。这种“伪拟效应”和“阻断效应”使含氟有机化合物具有特异的生物活性和生物体适应性，含氟药物的疗效也比一般药物强多倍。最著名的含氟药物是美国辉瑞公司研发的降胆固醇药物——立普妥，上市后便一跃成为全球首个销售额破百亿美元的药品，创造了制药史上的一大奇迹。目前世界上已商品化和正在开发的含氟药物有近百种（图1），每年上市的新药中大约有20%都含有一个或多个氟原子。   图1药物中存在的含氟官能团 氟也常被引入农用化学品中，提高其性能。目前已开发的含氟农用化学品有伏草隆、氟乐灵、乙氧氟草醚等除草剂和氟蚜蝗、除虫脲、含氟拟除虫菊酯等杀虫剂。除此之外，含氟有机化合物还可用于材料领域。有着“塑料王”之称的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）是一种以四氟乙烯作为单体聚合而成的高分子聚合物，耐高低温（-200 ~ +260℃）,除熔融的碱金属外，PTFE几乎不受其他化学试剂腐蚀。   203854-58-4 (2S)-3-(Fmoc-amino)-2-methyl-propanoic acid 193086-74-7 N-Fmoc-N-methyl-2-fluoro-D-phenylalanine 847147-40-4 N-Boc-2-(4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)-glycine 331763-66-7 (R)-3-Fluoro-b-(Boc-amino)benzenebutanoic acid 270065-77-5 (S)-Boc-3-trifluoromethyl-b-homophenylalanine 270065-74-2 (S)-Boc-2-trifluoromethyl-b-homophenylalanine 1004959-90-3 N-Fmoc-2,5-difluoro-L-phenylalanine 1269950-55-1 2-Fluoro-4-methyl-D-phenylalanine 1241682-16-5 (S)-a-Amino-3,4-difluorobenzeneacetic acid 1269836-19-2 5-Bromo-2-fluoro-D-phenylalanine 1997394-38-3 N-Fmoc-5-bromo-2-fluoro-D-phenylalanine 947615-61-4 4-Chloro-2-fluoro-D-phenylalanine 185837-15-4 4-Chloro-2-fluoro-L-phenylalanine 1217768-67-6 N-Fmoc-4-chloro-2-fluoro-D-phenylalanine 2349948-37-2 Fmoc-(S)-2-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)pentanoic acid 2349755-07-1 Fmoc-(S)-2-amino-5-(2-fluorophenyl)pentanoic acid 1217680-33-5 N-Fmoc-4-fluoro-2-chloro-D-phenylalanine 1217789-59-7 N-Fmoc-4-fluoro-2-chloro-L-phenylalanine 2094-03-3 3'-Fluorobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid 10355-13-2 4'-(Trifluoromethyl)--biphenyl-4-ol 321-62-0 2'-Fluoro-biphenyl-4-ol 10540-41-7 4'-Fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-ol 65295-58-1 1-(Bromomethyl)-3-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzene 57592-42-4 2'-Fluoro-biphenyl-4-carboxaldehyde 2924-65-4 2-(2-Fluorophenoxy)ethanol 208259-57-8 3,5-Difluoro-oxo-benzeneacetic acid ethyl ester 135325-18-7 Methyl 2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)acetate 883531-28-0 2-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzeneacetic acid 889939-79-1 4-(4-Fluorophenyl)oxane-4-methanamine 22116-33-2 2-[(4-Fluorobenzyl)amino]ethanol 1216658-90-0 1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-cyclobutanamine HCl 95096-06-3 3-Trifluoromethyl-benzenepropanenitrile 73246-30-7 3,5-Difluoro-L-tyrosine 1241680-26-1 3,5-Difluoro-D-tyrosine 273221-86-6 N-Fmoc-3,5-Difluoro-L-tyrosine 75453-82-6 1-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-(fluorescein-5-yl)thiourea HCl 647857-39-4 N-Boc-trans-4-fluoro-D-proline methyl ester 647857-43-0 N-Boc-cis-4-fluoro-D-proline methyl ester 2222114-23-8 2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-5-fluoro-6-(piperazin-1-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione HCl 617718-46-4 3-Fluoro-azetidine HCl 194427-15-1 1-(3-Azetidinyl)-4-fluoro-piperidine 2HCl 1236862-38-6 3-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]azetidine HCl 1642298-59-6 3-(Fluoromethyl)azetidine HCl 1250241-63-4 b-Amino-4-chloro-3-fluorobenzeneethanol 165328-10-9 (4-Trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroacetone 94856-24-3 (3-Trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroacetone 94856-23-2 (2-Trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroacetone 737772-45-1 Ethyl a,g-dioxo-3-trifluoromethylbenzenebutanoate 3202-36-6 4-(3-Fluorophenoxy)piperidine HCl 906369-56-0 1-Boc-4-cyano-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-piperidine 1198286-56-4 1-Boc-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-carboxypiperidine 873429-60-8 2,3,6-Trifluoro-L-phenylalanine 845530-07-6 Boc-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-D-phenylalanine 93939-74-3 (R)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)glycine 1217818-53-5 Fmoc-(R)-3-Amino-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyric acid 1228557-19-4 (S)-2-Amino-2-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)acetic acid 916422-01-0 4-(Fmoc-amino)-1-(3,5-difluorobenzyl)-4-carboxypiperidine 58281-79-1 (4S)-4-Fluoro-L-proline methyl ester HCl 536747-87-2 4,4-Difluoro-1-Boc-D-proline 1822546-08-6 a-(Boc-amino)-4,4-difluorocyclohexaneacetic acid 203866-21-1 1-Fmoc-4,4-difluoro-L-proline 5001-96-7 2-Fluoro-biphenyl-4-acetic acid 122665-97-8 4,4-Difluoro-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 208183-93-1 3-(2-Fluorophenyl)-2-propyn-1-ol 80151-28-6 3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-propyn-1-ol 22515-18-0 4,4-Difluoro-cyclohexanone 76579-46-9 4-(2,2,2-Trifluoroethoxy)-benzaldehyde 140681-55-6 Selectfluor® fluorinating reagent 33454-82-9 Lithium Trifluoromethanesulfonate 78239-71-1 3-Bromo-4-fluorobenzyl bromide 1008112-39-7 4-Ethynyl-2-fluorobenzenamine 81580-50-9 Ethyl 2-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)acetate 600735-64-6 3'-Fluoro-biphenyl-3-methanamine 600735-62-4 2'-Fluoro-biphenyl-3-methanamine 474709-83-6 1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-cyclopropanamine 59382-36-4 1-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethylamine 60287-77-6 2-[4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]aniline 179057-32-0 4-(4-Fluorophenoxy)benzylamine 6096-89-5 2-(4-Fluorophenoxy)ethylamine 625437-46-9 N-Cyclopropyl-4-fluoro-benzylamine 2195-44-0 2-Bromo-N-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamide 1281311-37-2 3-Fluoro-4-(3-morpholino-pyrrolidino)aniline 193903-35-4 4-(4-Trifluoroacetyl-piperazin-1-yl)aniline 943752-61-2 1-(4-Amino-2-fluorophenyl)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol 877151-52-5 3-(Trifluoromethoxy)-benzenepropanamine 465529-50-4 4-(Trifluoromethoxy)-benzenepropanamine 104774-87-0 3-(Trifluoromethyl)-benzenepropanamine 101488-65-7 4-Fluoro-benzenepropanamine 1239460-72-0 Ethyl 5-amino-2-fluoro-benzeneacetate HCl 1183538-54-6 2',4'-Difluoro-biphenyl-4-methanamine HCl 57946-61-9 4-(2,2,2-Trifluoroethoxy)aniline 1011244-70-4 N-(4-Aminophenyl)-4-trifluoromethylbenzamide 1020962-19-9 4-Ethyl-a-(4-fluorophenyl)benzenemethanamine HCl 84315-23-1 3,5-Difluorocinnamic acid 224434-01-9  (S)-b-Amino-4-fluoro-benzeneethanol 149809-43-8 (3S,5R)-5-(1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl-methyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(tosyloxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran 185110-19-4 2-(4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine 2HCl 312904-49-7 3-Fluoro-2-pyridinemethanamine 2HCl 291536-42-0 5-(4-Fluorobenzyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione 276235-91-7 5-Fluoro-2-benzofuranmethanol 1017231-15-0 2-[(4-Fluorophenoxy)methyl]morpholine HCl 21667-61-8 3-(3-Fluorophenyl)-3-oxo-propanenitrile 252955-07-0 Ethyl 3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanoate 896133-70-3 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(6-methoxy-3-pyridinyl)-1,3-butanedione 582-65-0 4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-butanedione 260246-17-1 Methyl 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanoate 212755-77-6 Methyl 2-(2-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)acetate 359424-42-3 Ethyl 3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-oxopropanoate 221121-36-4 4-(3-Fluorophenyl)-3-oxobutanoic acid ethyl ester 1683-49-4 4-(3-Trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-piperidinol HCl 80119-54-6 4-(3-Fluorophenyl)-4-piperidinol HCl 644981-88-4 4-(4-Fluorophenyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid HCl 639468-69-2 a-(3-Fluorophenyl)-4-piperidinemethanol 871112-36-6 1-Boc-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-piperidinol 577986-35-7 3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-3-pyrrolidinol HCl 233261-74-0 4-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)-4-piperidinol HCl 72216-04-7 2-(2-Fluorophenyl)pyrrolidine 125067-75-6 3-(3-Fluorophenyl)pyrrolidine HCl 943843-62-7 3-(2-Fluorophenyl)pyrrolidine HCl 524674-04-2 2-[2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrrolidine HCl 1404196-37-7 8-Boc-2-fluoro-3-oxo-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 97731-02-7 2-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 249648-08-6 3,4-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 266360-63-8 3,5-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 110117-84-5 3-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 114872-99-0 4-Trifluoromethyl-D-phenylalanine 40332-58-9 3-(Pentafluorophenyl)-D-alanine 19883-78-4 2-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 119009-47-1 2-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 31105-90-5 3,4-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 31105-91-6 3,5-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 19883-77-3 3-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 14464-68-7 3-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 1132-68-9 4-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 114926-38-4 4-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 34702-59-5 3-(Pentafluorophenyl)-L-alanine 114873-10-8 Boc-2-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 205445-51-8 Boc-3,4-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 205445-53-0 Boc-3,5-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 114873-11-9 Boc-3-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 82317-82-6 Boc-3-Trifluoromethyl-D-phenylalanine 57292-45-2 Boc-4-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 82317-83-7 Boc-4-Trifluoromethyl-D-phenylalanine 136207-26-6 Boc-3-(Pentafluorophenyl)-D-alanine 114873-00-6 Boc-2-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 167993-21-7 Boc-2-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 198474-90-7 Boc-3,4-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 205445-52-9 Boc-3,5-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 142995-31-1 Boc-3-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 41153-30-4 Boc-4-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 114873-07-3 Boc-4-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 34702-60-8 Boc-3-(Pentafluorophenyl)-L-alanine 352523-15-0 Fmoc-2-Trifluoromethyl-D-phenylalanine 198545-72-1 Fmoc-3-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 205526-28-9 Fmoc-3-Trifluoromethyl-D-phenylalanine 177966-64-2 Fmoc-4-Fluoro-D-phenylalanine 238742-88-6 Fmoc-4-Trifluoromethyl-D-phenylalanine 205526-26-7 Fmoc-2-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 352523-16-1 Fmoc-2-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 198560-43-9 Fmoc-3,4-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 205526-24-5 Fmoc-3,5-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 169243-86-1 Fmoc-4-Fluoro-L-phenylalanine 247113-86-6 Fmoc-4-Trifluoromethyl-L-phenylalanine 205526-32-5 Fmoc-3-Pentafluorophenyl-L-alanine 2629-55-2 2-Fluoro-DL-phenylalanine 456-88-2 3-Fluoro-DL-phenylalanine 51-65-0 4-Fluoro-DL-phenylalanine 3832-73-3 2-Trifluoromethyl-DL-phenylalanine 63701-37-1 3-Trifluoromethyl-DL-phenylalanine 14091-16-8 4-Trifluoromethyl-DL-phenylalanine 67337-05-7 Boc-5-Fluoro-DL-tryptophan 114926-41-9 Boc-5-Fluoro-D-tryptophan 53478-53-8 Boc-5-Fluoro-L-tryptophan 154-08-5 5-Fluoro-DL-tryptophan 97749-24-1 5-Fluoro-D-tryptophan 16626-02-1 5-Fluoro-L-tryptophan 1384102-00-4 Boc-7-Fluoro-L-tryptophan 1384101-98-7 Boc-7-Fluoro-D-tryptophan 138514-97-3 7-Fluoro-L-tryptophan 138514-98-4 7-Fluoro-D-tryptophan 53314-95-7 7-Fluoro-DL-tryptophan 242475-26-9 2-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]glycine 84145-28-8 2-(2-Fluorophenyl)glycine 266360-59-2 2,3-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 266360-60-5 2,4-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 266360-61-6 2,5-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 266360-62-7 2,6-Difluoro-D-phenylalanine 236754-62-4 2,3-Difluoro-DL-phenylalanine 32133-35-0 2,4-Difluoro-DL-phenylalanine 32133-39-4 2,6-Difluoro-DL-phenylalanine 261952-26-5 3,4,5-Trifluoro-DL-phenylalanine 32133-36-1 3,4-Difluoro-DL-phenylalanine 7731-00-2 3-Chloro-4-fluoro-DL-phenylalanine 439587-16-3 4-Chloro-3-fluoro-DL-phenylalanine 3321-96-8 3-(Pentafluorophenyl)-DL-alanine 32133-37-2 3,5-Difluoro-DL-phenylalanine 873429-58-4 2,3,4-Trifluoro-L-phenylalanine 266360-42-3 2,3-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine 749847-57-2 2,4,5-Trifluoro-L-phenylalanine 31105-93-8 2,4-Difluoro-L-phenylalanine